Critically evaluating the ‘precariat’: a case study of poverty and precarity

This thesis evaluates the theory that a new social class exists in Britain – the precariat.

The literature review provides context for the theory and an overview of the theory. Therefore, one major contribution of this thesis is its usefulness as a tool for scholars when discussing the precariat. This thesis’ overview of literature regarding the precariat is the most extensive compilation of literature on the theory in existence.

Ultimately, I argue – and the literature review displays – that there is no academic consensus as to who belongs in the precariat and what the precariat is. Moreover, empirical research on the precariat is limited, and, also, does not aid in the debate.

I have developed a case study, within my methodology, of the precariat in the adjacent coastal towns of Bournemouth and Poole. Utilising an extended case method, the lived experiences of the participants exposed many issues, particularly related to the welfare state. This builds into a major focus on mental health, where I argue that the participants’ mental health needs are not being met.

One major point of debate within literature on the precariat relates to the politics of the so-called class. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the political views and understandings of the participants and extends the discussion by focusing on how they understand themselves in terms of class – with one question ending all semi-structured interviews: “what class are you?”

To conclude, this qualitative research challenges the notion of the precariat as a class, while recognising it as a relevant sociological grouping.